What is facial palsy?
Facial palsy results if the nerve supplying the muscles of the face, including the circular muscle around the eye, stops functioning. There are many causes, but Bell’s Palsy is the commonest, accounting for nearly three quarters of all cases. Usually this affects only one side of the face and is temporary, lasting around three weeks, though recovery may not be complete. The cause is unknown. People between the ages of 15 and 45 are most likely to be affected, but the condition is commoner in those who are pregnant, have diabetes or are living with HIV infection.
Patients notice that the affected side of the face droops and does not move. The eye may not close properly and as a result it can become red, uncomfortable and watery.
How is facial palsy managed?
The optometrist will examine the eye for signs of drying and for loss of feeling, which sometimes occurs. New cases will be referred as emergencies to the GP or the ophthalmologist, as recovery is improved if steroid tablets are given within 72 hours of the onset of symptoms. Longer-standing cases are managed by the optometrist and if necessary referred routinely to the ophthalmologist.
The optometrist will usually prescribe artificial tears to be used frequently during the day and ointment at night. Taping the eyelids closed at night may help. Sunglasses will often relieve light sensitivity and physically protect the eye. Sometimes a contact lens will be fitted to protect the cornea (the clear window of the eye).
